POPULATION
Oman has a population of about 4.5 million (updated figure to 2023). The population is mostly Omani, but there is also a significant presence of foreign workers from countries such as India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and the Philippines.
Omani society is characterized by strong Arab and Islamic traditions, combined with an open and tolerant approach to the different cultures in the country.
CAPITAL
The capital of Oman is Muscat (Mascate), located on the northeastern coast. It is a city that combines modernity and tradition, with grand mosques, royal palaces, historic markets such as the Mutrah Souq, and modern infrastructure.
Muscat is also the country’s main political and economic center and a major trading port.
CLIMATE
Oman’s climate is predominantly arid and desert, with very hot summers and mild winters.
– Summer (May-September): high temperatures, especially in inland areas, where they can exceed 45°C.
– Winter (November-March): milder weather, with temperatures ranging from 17°C to 25°C, an ideal time to visit the country.
– Khareef Monsoon: In the Dhofar region around Salalah, a monsoon season occurs between June and September, transforming the desert landscape into lush green areas.
RATING
Oman’s official currency is the Omani Rial(OMR), one of the world’s strongest currencies.
Convert Omani Rial to Swiss Franc..
SPOKEN LANGUAGES.
– Arabic: is the official and most widely spoken language.
– English: widespread as a second language, especially in commerce, tourism and among foreign residents.
– Other languages: spoken by immigrant communities, including Hindi, Urdu, Bengali, Balochi, and Swahili (the latter reflecting Oman’s historical ties to East Africa).
RELIGION
The predominant religion in Oman isIslam, practiced by the vast majority of the population. In particular, the country is distinguished by the presence of the Ibadite current, one of the oldest and most moderate forms of Islam, which promotes tolerance and peaceful coexistence.
Small Christian, Hindu and Buddhist communities are also present, especially among foreign residents.
ART
Omani art reflects its long maritime history and ties to the Arab, Persian, and African worlds.
– Architecture: fortresses, castles and mosques with white domes and minarets, such as the spectacular Grand Mosque of Sultan Qaboos in Muscat.
– Handicrafts: silver work (famous is the traditional khanjar dagger), ceramics, textiles and woven baskets.
– Music and dance: traditions combining Arab and African influences, often linked to folk celebrations and religious festivals.
– Literature: Arabic poetry, particularly qasida, plays an important role in Omani culture.
CULTURE
Oman’s culture is deeply rooted in Arab and Islamic tradition, but with openings to the outside world.
– Family and society: the family is at the heart of social life, and respect for traditions is fundamental.
– Clothing: Men wear the dishdasha, a long white tunic, often accompanied by the kumma (embroidered hat) or turban. Women wear colorful dresses with ornate veils.
– Holidays: the main ones are related to Islam, such as Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha. Also important is National Day (Nov. 18), which celebrates independence and the birth of Sultan Qaboos.
– Hospitality: hospitality is a core value, often accompanied by the offering of Omani coffee (qahwa) and dates.
FOOD
Omani cuisine is influenced by Arab, Persian, African and Indian traditions. It is characterized by dishes rich in spices, but generally not overly spicy.
Typical dishes:
– Shuwa: meat (often mutton) marinated with spices and slow cooked in underground ovens during festivals.
– Majboos (or Kabsa): spiced rice served with meat or fish.
– Mashuai: fish dish, usually king of the sea (kingfish), served with lemon sauce.
– Omani Halwa: traditional sweet made with sugar, rosewater, spices and dried fruits, often served with coffee.
Beverages:
– Omani Qahwa: coffee spiced with cardamom, served with dates.
– Fresh juices: widespread due to rich tropical fruits.
Omani cuisine reflects the country’s location along historic trade routes, blending Middle Eastern, African and Indian flavors into a unique gastronomic identity.