POPULATION
Greece has a population of approximately 10.4 million, spread across the mainland and a vast archipelago of islands in the Aegean and Ionian Seas.
Most of the population lives in major urban areas such as Athens, Thessaloniki, Patras, and Heraklion, while many islands and mountainous regions retain a more peaceful and traditional character. The Greek people are characterized by a strong national identity and a deep connection to history, the sea, and local traditions.
CAPITAL
The capital of Greece is Athens, located in the Attica region, near the Aegean Sea. It is the country’s main political, economic and cultural center.
The city combines remnants of ancient Greek civilization, historic neighborhoods, and a vibrant contemporary atmosphere. Among the most significant sites are the Acropolis and the Parthenon, the Ancient Agora, the Plaka neighborhood, Syntagma Square, and the Acropolis Museum.
CLIMATE
Greece has a predominantly Mediterranean climate, with hot, dry summers and mild winters, although there are variations among the different regions.
• Summer (June–August): hot, sunny, and generally dry, with temperatures often ranging from 28°C to 35°C.
• Winter (December–February): mild along the coast and on the islands, colder in the northern and mountainous regions.
• Spring and fall: mild and pleasant seasons, ideal for visiting archaeological sites, cities, and islands.
Greece’s climate and long coastline make it one of the most popular Mediterranean destinations year-round.
CURRENCY
The official currency is theEuro (EUR).
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SPOKEN LANGUAGES
• Greek: the official language and the language spoken by the majority of the population.
• English: widely spoken, especially in cities and tourist destinations.
• French, German, and Italian: widely spoken, especially in the tourism sector and in major tourist destinations.
RELIGION
The predominant religion is Orthodox Christianity, represented primarily by the Church of Greece.
Greece is a secular state and is also hometo Catholic, Muslim, and other religious communities, particularly in the major cities and in certain regions of the country.
ART
Greek art has had a fundamental influence on Western culture and continues to this day to be one of the world’s most important cultural heritages.
• Architecture: ancient temples, theaters, monasteries, Byzantine churches, and traditional villages.
• Handicrafts: ceramics, jewelry, textiles, and wood and stonework.
• Music and dance: Traditional dances such as the sirtaki and folk music accompany festivals and popular celebrations.
• Art and history: Archaeological sites such as the Acropolis of Athens, Delphi, Olympia, and Mycenae bear witness to the extraordinary legacy of ancient civilizations.
CULTURE
Greek culture is deeply rooted in history, family, a spirit of togetherness, and a connection to the sea.
• Family and Society: The family plays a central role in social life and traditions.
• Traditional clothing: still worn during folk festivals and regional celebrations.
• Holidays: Among the most important are Orthodox Easter, Independence Day, and numerous local patron saint festivals.
• Traditions: Music, dance, village festivals, and a sense of community are part of everyday life and the national identity.
FOOD
Greek cuisine is one of the most famous in the Mediterranean tradition, based on fresh ingredients, olive oil, vegetables, fish, and local products.
Traditional dishes:
• Moussaka: a dish made with eggplant, ground meat, and béchamel sauce.
• Souvlaki: grilled meat skewers or bite-sized pieces of meat, often served with pita bread and vegetables.
• Horiatiki: the traditional Greek salad with tomatoes, cucumbers, olives, and feta.
• Spanakopita: a savory pie made with phyllo dough and filled with spinach and feta.
Beverages:
Greek wine, ouzo, and Greek coffee are all part of the local culinary tradition.
Greek cuisine reflects an authentic and cheerful country, where Mediterranean flavors, age-old traditions, and a spirit of togetherness come together in a rich and authentic culinary experience.